西安不锈钢薄板焊接变形的控制办法

摘要：<span style="font-family:宋体;">西安不锈钢薄板焊接变形的控制办法</span> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">不锈钢在我国的使用量正逐年增加</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">不锈钢的使用量由</span><span>1988</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">年的</span><span>30</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">万吨增加到</span><span>2000</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">年的</span><span>165</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">万吨</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">年增长率为</span><span>15.26%</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">。而在不锈钢的使用中以薄板为主</span><span>,2000</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">年薄板的消费量为</span><span>91</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">万吨</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">占到使用总量的一半。而且薄壁不锈钢板也已经应用到国民生产和生活的各个领域</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">如</span><span>:</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">食品加工行业</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">主要制造食品加工机械</span><span>;</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">压力容器行业</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">主要是机电和化工部门</span><span>;</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">电力工业。另外还有一些其它行业</span><span>:</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">厨房设备、建筑装潢、家用电器和汽车行业等。<span style="font-family:宋体;">西安不锈钢薄板焊接变形的控制办法，</span>在这些行业中</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">不锈钢的焊接是产品生产的一个重要工序</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">焊接质量的好坏直接决定产品的质量。本文主要阐明如何从控制焊接变形以及控制焊接成本来从优选取薄壁不锈钢板焊接工艺及方法。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>1</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">、</span> 西安<span style="font-family:宋体;">不锈钢薄板的焊接性分析:</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">不锈钢薄板的焊接由于其自身拘束度小、导热系数小</span><span>(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">约为普低钢的</span><span>1/3),</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">线膨胀系数较大</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">当焊接温度变化较快时</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">则产生的热应力大</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">很容易出现烧穿和焊接变形</span><span>(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">大多为波浪变形</span><span>)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">等缺陷。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>2</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">、焊接熔池受力状:</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">熔池主要受到的作用力有</span><span>:</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">电弧作用力</span><span>P</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">熔池金属重力</span><span>Q;</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">熔池金属表面张力</span><span>F</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">。<span style="font-family:宋体;">西安不锈钢薄板焊接变形的控制办法，</span>当熔池金属体积、质量、熔宽一定时</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">熔池深度取决于电弧力</span><span>P</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">的大小</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">熔深和电弧力又与焊接电相关</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">熔宽则由电弧电压决定。随着熔池体积的增大</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">表面张力</span><span>F</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">也随着增大</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">表面张力不能平衡电弧作用力</span><span>F</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">和熔池金属重力</span><span>Q,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">此时</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">熔池金属会下流</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">造成熔池烧穿。电弧作用力</span><span>P</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">和熔池金属重力</span><span>Q</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">是使熔池烧穿的力</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">表面张力</span><span>F</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">是阻止熔池下塌或烧穿的力。为使薄板焊接不致于烧穿</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">必须想办法提高金属熔池的表面张力</span><span>F,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">要提高表面张力</span><span>F,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">须控制熔池的热输入</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">即线能量。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>3</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">、</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;">焊接工件的变形:</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">不锈钢薄板拘束度较小</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">在焊接过程中受到局部加热、冷却作用</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">形成了不均匀的加热、冷却</span><span>,<span style="font-family:宋体;">西安不锈钢薄板焊接变形的控制办法，</span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;">焊件会产生不均匀的应力和应变</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">焊缝的纵向缩短对薄板边缘的压力超过一定值时</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">即会产生较严重的波浪式变形</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">影响工件的外形质量。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>4</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">、解决西安不锈钢薄板焊接时产生的过烧、烧穿、变形、变色的主要措施有</span><span>:</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>(1)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">严格控制焊接接头上的热输入量</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">选择合适的焊接方法和工艺参数</span><span>(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">主要有焊接电流、电弧电压、焊接速度</span><span>)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>(2)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">装配尺寸力求**</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">接口间隙尽量小。间隙稍大容易烧穿</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">或形成较大的焊瘤。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>(3)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">必须采用精装夹具</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">夹紧力平衡均匀。焊接不锈钢薄板关键要注意</span><span>:</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">严格控制焊接接头上的线能量</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">力求在能完成焊接的前提下尽量减小热量输入</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">从而减小热影响区</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">避免上述缺陷的出现。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>5</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">、不锈钢薄壁焊机:</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">输出电压低</span><span>(5-20</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">伏</span><span>)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">属于阻焊电源</span><span>;(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">举例氩弧焊输出电压约</span><span>75</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">付左右</span><span>)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">不锈钢薄壁焊机是电阻焊的范围，特点是焊接时，可以根据板材厚度选择合适的电流和脉冲时间，精准的控制受热温度。<span style="font-family:宋体;">西安不锈钢薄板焊接变形的控制办法，</span>并且瞬间出弧瞬间熔化工件的。因而温度不高，不会做成被焊工件的过热或变形。  </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">公司至成立以来，以“诚信、合作、双赢、发展”为经营宗旨，坚持“价格**、用户、信誉”的营销理念，在市场上获得了良好的口碑。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;"></span><span>   </span><span style="font-family:宋体;"></span><span>029</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">—</span><span>88633755</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">详情参考：</span><span><a href="/"></a></span> </p> </span> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;"></span>  </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span></span> </p>